Easyping 2 5 – Ping Client To Determine Host Accessibility

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Windows has a series of network commands available for its command prompt (CMD for short) that enable you to view relevant information and configure network settings.

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One of these commands is ping. We'll explain ping and how you can use the ping command in network diagnostics.

What is ping?

Ping is a network diagnostics tool for the Windows command prompt. In network diagnostics, the command line program enables you to verify if another computer is available in a connected local or public network.

Ping is accessed using the command line prompt of the same name, either in combination with the IP address or the target computer's host name. If the target computer is not located in the same local network as the source computer, it is necessary to specify the domain.

The name ping is an analogy to sonar technology – a technique to locate objects by emitting pulses of sound that was employed during World War II to locate submarines. The emitted pulses of sound were perceived within the submarine as a light knocking, which was onomatopoetically referred to as a 'ping.'

How does ping work?

In order to verify a computer's availability, ping sends in its default setting four ICMP echo request packets of 32 bytes each to the address assigned as a parameter.

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a protocol that enables the exchange of information and error notifications within IPv4 networks. For computer networks using IPv6, ICMPv6 has a successor protocol that can be used for this purpose.

In theory and in accordance with the protocol specification, computers that support ICMP and/or ICMPv6 must automatically respond to incoming echo requests with an ICMP echo reply. In practice, this doesn't always work, as many administrators, for security reasons, configure the computers they manage in such a way that ICMP packets are rejected without a response. As a result, the unavailability of the target computer cannot be inferred from an unanswered ICMP request.

If the addressed target computer doesn't respond, ICMP provides a notification from the appropriate gateway. Normally in this case a router responds that either the network or the appropriate host is not available.

If there is no response from the router, it can be assumed that the computer is in fact available but is not automatically responding to the echo request due to its configuration.

The ping command delivers the following information as output:

  • Response time in milliseconds (ms)
  • Validity period for ICMP packets (time to live, TTL) (only with IPv4)

The response time specifies how long a data packet requires to be sent to the target computer and back. The validity period specified as the TTL corresponds to a data packet's elapsed time. The initial value amounts to a maximum of 255. Usually, implementations have an initial TTL of either 31, 63 or 127. The TTL is reduced by 1 by every network node that the data packet passes. This is referred to as hops. Should the TTL drop to 0, the data packet is rejected.

The TTL that you receive as output normally corresponds to the responding computer's initial value minus the number of hops on the route.

With a TTL of 58, for example, you can assume that the response packet was dispatched with an initial value of 63 and passed five network nodes on the way back.

The TTL is only moderately informative. For the ping command user, the TTL's initial value and which network nodes changed it is hardly traceable in practice.

Testing network connections with the ping test

In network diagnostics, the command line program provides ping information about the quality of the network connection between two computers.

Follow these instructions for using a ping test to determine if the routing between your system and that of the target computer is functioning and what sort of delay you can expect when transferring data.

1. Open the Windows command prompt: Use the key combination Windows + R to view the 'Run' dialog box. Enter the command 'CMD' in the 'open' field and confirm by hitting the enter key.

Windows starts the CMD.exe program: the operating system's command line.

2. Run the ping command with parameters: Enter the ping command in the command line and assign the latter either the IP address or host name of the target computer as a parameter by adding the corresponding information to the command separated by a space.

Ping command with the target computer's IP address:

Ping command with the target computer's host name and domain:

Click Enter to confirm your entry and run the CMD program with the selected parameter.

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3. Ping command output: If the ping is run without additional options, the program sends four data packets to the specified target computer and gives you statistical information on the queries in the terminal.

The terminal output includes a summary table that lists the corresponding response time, the packet size as well as the TTL per response packet. In addition, you receive statistical information on sent, received and lost packets, including packet loss in percentage terms as well as an analysis of the minimum, maximum and average response times.

You'll receive a similar output if you perform the ping test via the target computer's host name.

In this case, the computer name is resolved from the IP address by the underlying DNS settings for your operating system. The IP address, along with the ping statistics, is displayed to you in the program output.

If, on the other hand, the addressed target computer isn't available, the terminal output will differ depending on whether you are addressing the target via its IP address or hostname.

If the IP address you've specified isn't available, the expected response packet will not arrive within the specified time limit. In this case, you'll receive the terminal output: 'Request has timed out'.

If the ping command with the given host name cannot be resolved from a corresponding IP address (because of a typo, for example), you'll then receive the following error notification:

Ping command options

When needed, you can run the ping command with a series of options in order to adjust the ICMP echo request's default value. The following table gives you an overview of the command line's most important options.

Option (Choice) Description
-t With option -t, the addressed target computer is pinged until you end the procedure with Ctrl + C to display the ping statistics. This is called a continuous ping (see tip below).
-a Use the ping command with option -a and the target computer's IP address in order to determine the target's host name. The computer name will be displayed to you along with the ping statistics in the terminal.
-n With the -n option, you define the desired number of ICMP echo requests. It sends four ping requests in the default setting.
-l With option -l, you define the size of the ICMP echo request in bytes. The default value is 32. Ping can be used to send data packets with a maximum size of 65,527 bytes.
-f If the ping command is run with option -f, the program sets the 'Do not Fragment' flag in the ICMP echo request packet's IP header to 1. Such a request cannot be broken up into smaller units by network nodes en route to the target. This option is only available in IPv4 networks.
-i Use the -i option if you want a user-defined TTL for your ICMP echo request. The maximum is 255.
-4 The -4 option forces the use of IPv4 and is only employed if the recipient is addressed via the hostname.
-6 Option -6 forces the use of IPv6 and is only employed when the recipient is addressed via the hostname.

Our article on the basics of the Windows command prompt gives you an overview of the most important CMD commands. In our in-depth article on the subject of continuous ping, you'll learn how to use the ping command for continuous ping tests.

Related articles

EMCO Ping Monitor allows you to track status of network devices by pinging them on the regular basis. The program collects monitoring statistics and sends notifications on host state changes.

Why EMCO Ping Monitor

Use a network monitoring tool that includes all the features - it monitors hosts, detects status changes and connection quality, sends notifications, stores statistics and generates reports.

Monitor Up to 8.000+ Hosts

Monitoring performance is important, so the program is optimized to work with any number of hosts - starting from 1 and up to 8.000+ hosts on a single server. Optimizing performance

Host State and Connection Quality Tracking

The program uses ICMP pings to track state (up/down) and connection quality (the real-time characteristics based on packet loss percentage, latency percentile and jitter) of each monitored host. More about tracking

High-Precision Latency Measurement

The program uses ping latency measurement with 0.01ms precision. It allows to provide precise measurements in low-latency networks. More about monitoring

Detailed Statistics

Every ping is recorded by the program, so you can see each ping latency for any host and selected reporting period. The program also provide aggregated statistics for historical periods. Statistics explained

Hosts Monitoring Scenarios

EMCO Ping Monitor is an advanced monitoring tool that tracks hosts statuses in real-time, sends notifications, generates reports and provides access to the detailed statistical data.

Up/Down State Detection

The program pings each monitored host regularly to detect whether it is up or down. Host states are displayed on screen, state changes are registered and notifications are sent, so you are informed about all changes and can find required info easily.

You can tune all monitoring parameters, such as an interval between pings and host state changes conditions.

Real-Time Connection Quality Audit

The program automatically calculates connection quality metrics in real-time based on packet loss percentage, latency percentile and packet delay jitter to classify connection to each host as good, warning, bad or critical.

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The detected connection quality is displayed for each host on screen. When connection quality to a host changes, the program sends a notification.

Historical Statistics Analysis

Get detailed monitoring statistics for any historical reporting period. The program uses uptime percentage, packet loss percentage, average latency, latency deviation, CV to analyze host performance for the selected period.

You can also get the list of outages detected by the program for the host in the analyzed historical period, so you can know when host was up and down.

Flexible Notifications

Let the program work automatically to monitor hosts and notify you only when changes happen. Touch bar customization. Multiple notification types are supported, including e-mails, system tray notifications and sounds.

You can configure the program to send notifications only on selected events, for example, when hosts go up and down, when connection quality changes. Repeated notifications are also supported.

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Do you want to get detailed statistics for monitored hosts? The program generates two types of reports automatically on schedule in different formats and can send them by e-mail or upload to an FTP server.

A report includes detailed statistics for each host for the reporting period and includes latency chart, list of outages, min/max/avg values, etc.

Raw Ping Data Access

Every ping is recorded by the program for each host. When you need to investigate a networking problem you can open timeline and see raw ping results for a host.

The program provides easy navigation so you can select an interval and then locate a time range to inspect pings. You can export raw ping data into a file, if required.

System State Overview
State Monitor
Quality Monitor
Host Details in Quality Monitor
Statistics for All Hosts
Host Statistics Overview
Host Timeline
Notifications Management
Reporting Features
Monitoring Web Interface
User Access Management
Exported Raw Ping Data

How Host Monitoring Works

EMCO Ping Monitor works automatically to track hosts statuses 24/7 and notify you if any problems are detected.

Hosts Configuration

To start using the program you need to specify hosts to be monitored. You can add hosts one-by-one by specifying a host name or an IP address. Alternatively you can specify an IP range to add hosts or import hosts from a file. Hosts can be organized in groups. If required, you can change monitoring settings and apply custom settings for a host or a group.

Automatic Monitoring

Once you add hosts, the program starts their monitoring. The program uses ICMP pings to send echo requests and receive echo replies to each monitored host regularly. If a host replies, the program saves ping latency data to be used for calculating host statistics and real-time connection metrics. If a host doesn't reply on time, the program registers that as a failed ping.

Problems Detection

The program detects a host outage by tracking failed pings. If the particular number of pings are failed in a row, the program changes the host state to down. When pings echo replies are delivered again, the program changes the host state to up. You can customize ping intervals and outage condition, if required.

Notifications Sending

When a host state or connection quality changes, the program can send you e-mail notifications, play a sound and show system tray notifications - you can select what type of notifications you need. The program supports recurrent notifications. For example, you can configure to send e-mails regularly while a host is in the down state.

Reports Generation

If you need a report, the program can generate it automatically. It is possible to configure reports generated on demand and reports generated automatically on the regular basis, for example, every day. You can select hosts that should be included into a report, select reporting period, output format and other settings.

Statistics Auditing

The program allows you to check real-time metrics of the host and its statistics for any historical period. Monitoring results are saved and aggregated automatically, so you can check a host statistics for a month, week, day or another period, including latency min/max/avg, CV and other metrics. You can also review raw ping results, if you need.

Host State Monitoring

The program automatically monitors host state to detect whether the host is up or down by pinging the host on the regular basis. If the host doesn't reply on ping requests, the host state is changed to down and corresponding notifications are sent.

Connection Quality Tracking

Continuous host pinging and analyzing latency allows to the program to measure real-time connection characteristics and classify the connection quality as good, warning, bad or critical. Packet loss and jitter metrics are used to measure connection quality.

Client/Server Architecture

The program works as client/server. You can install the server and client on different machines. The server performs host monitoring, collects statistics and generates reports. The client connects to the server and is used to configure monitoring and display data. Multiple clients can work with one server simultaneously.

Run as Windows Service

Ping Monitor server works as a Windows service. It starts automatically when the server is started and monitor hosts even if there is no active Windows user sessions. After server restart it continue monitoring the same hosts that were monitored before the restart.

Monitoring Web Interface

In addition to the full-featured GUI client, the program also provides the monitoring web interface, that allows to review monitoring information. You can use it to start/stop monitoring and also to review host status, connection quality and statistics.

High-Precision Latency Measurement

The program provides a special monitoring module to replace the standard ping latency measurement with 1ms precision. The high-precision measurement has 0.01ms precision and allows using the program to monitor hosts in low-latency networks.

Views for Control Rooms

Do you want to see status of all monitored hosts on a single screen? The program has special views that allow to display host state and connection quality information for all hosts on a single screen. Use data sorting, grouping and filtering features to display important info.

User Access Permissions

Restrict access to the program using roles and permissions. Roles describe privileges in the program to perform specific actions. You can assign this roles to Windows users and groups to provide access for them to specific features in the program.

Individual Settings for Hosts/Groups

Override global settings and apply specific settings for a host or group. This feature allows you to set custom monitoring settings for a specific host, for example. Or you can set e-mail recipient addresses for a group and all notifications will be sent to these addresses for all hosts in the group.

Notifications

The program can send notifications when a host goes up and down or when connection quality changes. It is possible to send e-mail notifications, play sound alerts and show system tray messages. You can select a notification type and events when notifications should be sent. Repeated notifications are supported.

Custom Actions

Integrate the program with other software using custom actions. The program allows executing a script or an executable when host state or connection quality changes. You can configure custom actions for all hosts or for a specific host or group.

Reports

Configure the program to generate a report on demand or on schedule. The report includes detailed host statistics for the reporting period. Reports can be generated in HTML and PDF formats and can be automatically sent by e-mail to specified recipients.

Select the Program Edition

The program is available in multiple editions with the different set of the features.
Compare Editions

Free Edition
  • Monitoring of 5 hosts
  • No individual settings for
  • Latency measurement precision: 1
  • Statistics for the last 30 days only
  • 1 connection to the
Professional Edition
  • Monitoring of 250 hosts
  • Common and individual settings for
  • Latency measurement precision: 0.01
  • Statistics with no time limit
  • 2 simultaneous connections to the

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Enterprise Edition

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  • Monitoring of unlimited
  • Common and individual settings for
  • Latency measurement precision: 0.01
  • Statistics with no time limit
  • Unlimited simultaneous connections to the
  • Optimized interface for host state and connection quality
  • User access

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Can I use the downloaded version for free?

During the first 30 days since the installation the program works as the Enterprise edition in trial mode, so you have access to all available features.

After expiration of 30-days trial the program is reverted to Free edition, so you can keep using the features available in this edition or order a license and register the product to enable features available in the Professional or Enterprise editions.

Can I get an SMS when a host goes down?

The program doesn't has built-in SMS module, but if you have a software that can send SMS, you can integrate Ping Monitor with this software. Use a custom action to execute a script or executable when a host goes down and notify the external software to send an SMS. Learn how to use custom actions on this page.

What is the difference between the program editions?

Different editions of the program provide support of the different set of the available features. You can compare the features on this page.

How many hosts can be monitored?

The number of hosts depends on the used edition of the program:

  • The Free edition allows monitoring of 5 hosts.
  • The Professional edition allows monitoring 250 hosts.
  • The Enterprise edition doesn't have any license limitations. The number of monitored hosts depends on the used hardware. Using modern hardware it is possible to monitor 8.000+ hosts. Technological limit is 32.000 hosts.

Teacode 1 0 15. The evaluation version of the program works as the Enterprise edition during 30 days, so there are no limitation for a number of hosts.

What hardware configuration is required?

Ping Monitor has moderate system requirements, so it can work on any modern machine. If you plan to monitor over 1000 hosts, you need to estimate CPU, memory and disk usage. The hardware recommendations are available in this article.

What type of support do you provide?

We provide free technical support by e-mail. If you have a question or problem, you can submit a support request on this page.
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